Nhau - Yacht Club Stone Application: Matambudziko Akakosha Ezvakatipoteredza zveMarine

Nezve Munyori

Dr. Liu Wei, R&D Director paRuifengyuan Stone

PhD muSainzi yezvinhu nehunyanzvi mukugadzira matombo. Yakagadzira nzira dzekugadzira dzakasanganiswa dzichibatanidza kuveza kwechinyakare uye CNC otomatiki yemapurojekiti ekuvaka anopfuura 180. Yakaburitsa tsvakurudzo pamusoro pemapatani ekupfeka maturusi mukugadzira matombo muJournal of Materials Processing Technology.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

Makirabhu ezvikepe anoda kuiswa kwematombo anotsungirira mamiriro ekunze ane simba uku achichengetedza runako rwepamusoro. Kuisa munyu munyu kunounza kumanikidzwa kwemukati kunodarika 100 MPa mukati memaburi ematombo—zvakakwana kupwanya marudzi mazhinji ematombo. Granite yakacheneswa ine mvura iri pasi pe0.20% inopa kugara kwenguva refu kwakanakisa kwekushandiswa mugungwa. Kuisa silane/siloxane sealers ine 40% inoshanda zvakanaka kupfuura kufukidza pamusoro pegungwa munzvimbo dzegungwa. Kugadzirisa nekukurumidza kunoderedza mari yekugadzirisa kwenguva refu ne40-60% zvichienzaniswa nenzira dzinoshanda.

Makirabhu ezvikepe ane chinzvimbo chakasiyana mukuvaka kwekugamuchira vaenzi—anofanira kumira munzvimbo dzine hukasha zvikuru dzemahombekombe uku achipa runako rwakanaka rwunotarisirwa nevatengi vepamusoro. **Nzvimbo yegungwa ine njodzi nhatu dzakasiyana pakuiswa kwematombo: kusvibiswa nemvura yemunyu kunokonzera kuora kwemakemikari, kutenderera kwehunyoro kunokurudzira kunyudzwa kwehunyoro, uye kushushikana kwemagetsi kubva kumhepo yegungwa nemafungu.** Sekureva kweUS Naval Research Laboratory, zvivakwa zvemahombekombe zvinosangana nehuwandu hwekusvibiswa kwechloride zvakapetwa ka10 kusvika ku50 kupfuura zvivakwa zvemukati megungwa, zvichida nzira dzekusarudza zvinhu zvakasiyana zvachose nekuvakwa kwetsika. Gwaro iri rinoongorora matambudziko chaiwo ekushandiswa kwematombo ezvikepe uye rinopa mhinduro dzakavakirwa pahunyanzvi hwekugadzira matombo egungwa.

Matambudziko Akakosha Ekushandisa Yacht Club Stone Application yeMarine Environment (3)

Kunzwisisa Kuora Kwezvakatipoteredza MugungwaDombo rechisikigo

**Maitiro ekuparadza matombo emugungwa anotanga nekuumbwa kwemunyu.** Mvura yemunyu inopinda mumaburi madiki ari pamusoro pematombo. Kana mvura yapera, makristaro emunyu anoumba mukati meburi, zvichiita kuti kumanikidzwa kwemukati kupfuure 100 MPa—kwakakwana kupwanya marudzi akawanda ematombo. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) inoshuma kuti zvivakwa zvemumahombekombe zviri mukati memamita mazana mashanu kubva pamhenderekedzo yegungwa zvinowana mwero wekuiswa kwemunyu we1,000 kusvika 5,000 mg/m² pazuva, zvichikurumidza kuora kana zvichienzaniswa nenzvimbo dziri mukati megungwa.

Kuchinja-chinja kwekushisa nehunyoro kunowedzera dambudziko. **Kuchinja-chinja kwekushisa kwemahombekombe zuva nezuva kunokonzera kuwedzera nekudzikira kwemvura.** Mitemo yeASTM International yekuongorora ngura yegungwa inoratidza kuti zvinhu zviri munzvimbo dzemahombekombe zvinosangana nekushushikana kwekupisa kwemvura ka3 kusvika ka5 kupfuura zviri mumamiriro ekunze akagadzikana. Kuchinja-chinja uku kunoderedza simba rematombo zvishoma nezvishoma, zvichikonzera kupararira kwenzvimbo uye kurasikirwa nezvinhu zvakavezwa mukati memakore gumi kusvika makumi maviri.

Zvinodiwa pakusarudza matombo pakushandisa nzvimbo dzegungwa

Granite: Sarudzo Yekutanga Yekugara Kwematombo muYacht Club

Kune mashandisirwo emakirabhu emayacht, **granite inoramba iri chikamu chematombo chakavimbika zvikuru nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakasimba chekristalline uye porosity shoma.** Mhando dzegranite dzine mvura inonyudzwa pasi pe0.20% uye quartz inodarika 20% dzinoratidza kuramba kwakanyanya kukuvara kwemunyu. Magirafu matema, brown yakatsvuka, uye magranite matema akazara ane zvinyorwa zvekushanda zvinopfuura makore makumi matatu mukushandiswa kwemahombekombe kana akavharwa zvakanaka uye akachengetwa.

Kusarudzwa kwegranite yenzvimbo dzegungwa kunofanira kukoshesa huwandu hwezviyo pane kudiwa kwemavara. Granite dzakacheneswa dzine chimiro chekristaro chakafanana dzine nzira shoma dzekupinda kwehunyoro pane mhando dzakacheneswa. Kuedzwa zvichienderana neASTM C97 kwekunyudzwa kwemvura uye ASTM C170 yekusimba kwekumanikidzwa kunopa data rekutanga rekuongorora kukodzera kwegungwa. Granite dzine mwero wekunyudzwa uri pamusoro pe0.40% dzinofanira kuchengeterwa kushandiswa mukati, kwakachengetedzwa mukati mezvivakwa zvemayacht club.

Kuganhurirwa kweMarble neLimestone muMahombekombe

**Marble ne limestone zvinopa matambudziko makuru pakushandiswa kwematombo echikwata cheyacht nekuda kwekunzwa acid uye kupinza kwakanyanya.** Matombo ane calcium anopindirana nemvura inonaya ine acid - inowanzoonekwa munzvimbo dziri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa - zvichikonzera kuchekwa kwepamusoro uko kunoderedza chitarisiko nekufamba kwenguva. Mwero wekunyungudika munzvimbo dziri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa unogona kusvika 0.1 kusvika 0.3 mm pagumi rega rega remarble isina kudzivirirwa, zvichikurumidza munzvimbo dzine kucheneswa kakawanda kana kusangana nemvura yedziva yakacheneswa nechlorine.

Kana marble yakarongerwa nzvimbo dzemukati mechikepe kure nenzvimbo dzine munyu wakananga, mhando dzakaoma dzakadai seCalacatta kana Statuario dzine resin reinforcement dzinoita kuti zvinhu zvishande zviri nani. Magadzirirwo akacheneswa panzvimbo penzvimbo dzakaporishwa anoratidza kucheneswa uye kusakara zvishoma. Kugadziriswa nguva dzose kunosanganisira kuchenesa kusina pH uye kuvharwa kwegore negore hakugoneke kune marble munzvimbo dziri kumahombekombe, zvisinei nenzvimbo yemukati.

Matombo Akagadziriswa uye Porcelain Zvimwe Zvishandiso zveMarina

Nzvimbo dze quartz dzakagadzirwa nemataira e porcelain dzinopa dzimwe nzira dzekushandisa makirabhu echikepe uko matombo echisikigo anotarisana nematambudziko asingakundiki. **Mataira e porcelain akaongororwa kuti PEI 5 ane mvura iri pasi pe 0.10% anogona kuenzana nechitarisiko chematombo echisikigo uku achipa makemikari anodzivirira zvakanyanya kumakemikari edziva, zvinhu zvinochenesa, uye munyu.** Zvinhu izvi zvakakodzera zvikuru kunzvimbo dzakakomberedza dziva uye nzvimbo dzakanyorova uko makemikari anodzivirira kutsvedza uye kugara kwenguva refu kwemakemikari ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosheswa.

Sarudzo pakati pematombo echisikigo nemamwe magadzirirwo emuchina inofanirwa kufunga nezvekushandiswa kwawo. Kune nzvimbo dzemabhawa nenzvimbo dzekushandira chikafu, quartz yakagadzirwa inopa kushomeka kwemabhuru asingatsvedzeri mavara. Kune madziro enzvimbo nenzvimbo dzekugamuchira vanhu dziri kure nekupisa munyu zvakananga, matombo echisikigo anopa hunhu hunoenderana nerunako rwechikwata cheyacht. Nzira yekusanganisa zvikamu zvese zvemidziyo inowanzo buritsa mhedzisiro yakanaka kwazvo.

Matambudziko Akakosha Ekushandisa Yacht Club Stone Application yeMarine Environment (1)

Kurapa kweDziviriro uye Masisitimu eSealant eMarine Stone

Kuisa Zvivharo zveImpregnating vs. Kuputira Pamusoro peMatombo eGungwa

**Kusarudzwa kwezvivhariso zvinokanganisa zvikuru kugara kwenguva refu kwematombo munzvimbo dzegungwa.** Zvivhariso zvinoisa mudumbu zvinopinda muchivako chematombo zvoisa madziro emaburi nezvinhu zvinokanganisa mvura, zvichibvumira hunyoro kuti hubude uku zvichidzivirira kupinda kwemvura. Zvivhariso izvi zvinofarirwa kushandiswa mugungwa nekuti hazvibati hunyoro mukati medombo—nzira inowanzo shandiswa yekudzima machira epamusoro anoumba firimu anobuda pasi pekusvikwa kweUV pamhenderekedzo yegungwa.

Kuputira pamusoro, kusanganisira epoxy uye polyurethane systems, kunoita kuti pave nedziviriro yakasimba asi zvinokundikana zvakanyanya kana hunyoro hukavharirwa pasi pazvo. Munzvimbo dzemakirabhu ezvikepe uko hunyoro hunogara huripo, kutadza kuputira kunowanzoitika mukati memakore maviri kusvika mashanu. **Mitemo yekudzora ngura yeUS Navy inokurudzira kuisa silane/siloxane sealers ine 40% yehuwandu hunoshanda hwekuchengetedza matombo egungwa,** inoshandiswazve mukati memwedzi gumi nemiviri kusvika makumi maviri nemana zvichienderana nekuoma kwekushandiswa kwayo.

Maitiro Akanakisisa Ekuisa Marina neMatombo eGungwa

Nzira yekuisa inofanira kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvekufamba kwematombo emahombekombe. Majoini ekuwedzera anofanira kuiswa pamatanho e6 kusvika ku8—pedyo nematanho e10 kusvika ku12 ekuisa mukati. Zvinhu zvese zvejoini zvinofanira kunge zvakagadzirwa nesilicone yemhando yegungwa kana polyurethane sealants inodzivirira munyu uye kuora kweUV. Kuvhara kwakajairika kunoora mukati memwedzi gumi nemiviri kana gungwa rakavharwa uye harifanirwe kutaurwa.

Kugadzirira substrate munzvimbo dzegungwa kunoda dziviriro yakanyanya yehunyoro. Kamudzira kemuchina wekudzivirira hunyoro kanofanirwa kushandiswa pamahombekombe egungwa kanofanira kuiswa pasi pematombo ese ari padanho repamusoro. Kune madheki akakwirira nematerasi, masisitimu emvura ane zvikamu zvinodzivirira ngura anodzivirira kuungana kwemvura pasi pematombo. Bhuku reMataira reDare reNorth America rinopa gwara rakananga rekuisa matombo munzvimbo dzegungwa, kusanganisira mhando dzedhaka dzinodiwa uye nguva yekupisa.

Nguva Dzose Dzekugadzirisa Nzvimbo Dzematombo dzeYacht Club

**Kugadziriswa kwenzvimbo dzekugadzira matombo echikwata cheyacht kunodarika nzvimbo dzemukati menyika nekaviri kusvika katatu.** Kusukurudzwa kwemvura yakachena zuva nezuva panzvimbo dzine munyu kunodzivirira kukuvara kwemakristaro. Kuchenesa kwevhiki nevhiki nekushandisa michina yekuchenesa matombo yegungwa isina pH kunobvisa kukura kwezvipenyu uye zvisikwa. Kuongororwa kwekota kwesealant integrity kunoona matambudziko ari kukura asati adiwa kugadziriswa zvakanyanya. Ongororo yegore negore yehunyanzvi inosanganisira kuverenga kwemuchina wemvura kunotevera mamiriro ematombo nenzira kwayo.

Kuwanda kwekugadziriswa kwenzvimbo kunoenderana nemota uye huwandu hwenzvimbo dzacho. Nzvimbo dzinopinda vanhu vakawanda dzingada kugadziriswazve makore matatu kusvika mashanu ega ega. Madziro emukati akachengetedzwa anogona kuramba achitaridzika kwemakore anopfuura gumi. Musiyano mukuru kubva pakuchengetedza nzvimbo dziri mukati menyika ndeyekudzivirira—**kukuvadzwa kwemunyu kunoungana kusingaonekwe kwemakore kusati kwaonekwa, uye panguva iyoyo kurasikirwa kukuru kwematombo kwatovepo.** Kutarisirwa kwenguva refu kunoderedza mari yekugadzirisa kwenguva refu ne40 kusvika 60%.

Matambudziko Akakosha Ekushandisa Yacht Club Stone Application yeMarine Environment (2)

Ongorora Kirabhu Yezvikepe YakabatanaZvigadzirwa zveMatombo

Pakushongedza mukati mekirabhu yezvikepe, sarudzo dzemarble dzakaposhwa dzinopa madziro akanaka uye nzvimbo dzepamusoro dzecountertop. Bathtub yematombo nezvinhu zvespa zvinopa nzvimbo dzepamusoro dzespa munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa mukati. Matombo eWaterjet marble medallions anogadzira pakati pepasi pemakamuri ezvikepe. Mifananidzo yemarble mosaic pamadziro inopa nzvimbo dzekushongedza dzekugamuchira vaenzi nenzvimbo dzekudyira.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa Nezve Yacht Club Stone Application

Mubvunzo wekutanga: Marumaru anogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira munzvimbo dzemakirabhu ezvikepe pedyo negungwa here?

Marble inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzemukati dzemakirabhu echikepe dzakadzivirirwa kubva pakusviba nemvura yemunyu zvakananga, senge nzvimbo dzekugamuchira vaenzi, dzimba dzekudyira, uye makoridho. Magadzirirwo akacheneswa anokurudzirwa kupenyeswa zvakanyanya. Kuvhara kwegore negore ne silane sealer inoisa mukati kunofanirwa kuitwa. Marble haifanirwe kutaurwa nezvenzvimbo dzekunze, nzvimbo dzakatenderedza dziva, kana nzvimbo dzine mukana wekuisa munyu zvakananga. Granite ndiyo sarudzo yakachengeteka chero ipi zvayo inoshandiswa mukati memamita makumi mashanu kubva mumvura.

Mubvunzo wechipiri: Nderupi rudzi rwematombo rwakanakisisa rwemadheki nematerasi edziva rekunze remayacht club?

Granite ine girasi rakatsetseka ine mvura iri pasi pe0.20% ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisisa yedhishi redziva nematerasi. Kupedzwa kwakagadzirwa nemoto kana nemuti kunoita kuti pave nekutsvedza kunosangana nezvinodiwa neADA kana zvakanyorova. Granite ine dema, bhuruu, kana sirivha ine jira reparera inopa runako rwakasiyana. Majoini ekuwedzera ane mativi e1.5-foot anokodzera kufamba kwekupisa. Chivharo chekuisa mvura chinofanira kuiswazve mwedzi gumi nemiviri yega yega kuti chidzivirire zvakanyanya.

Mubvunzo wechitatu: Sei munyu unopfapfaidza matombo chaiwo?

Kupfapfaidza munyu kunokuvadza dombo kuburikidza nekumanikidzwa kwekristaro. Mvura yemunyu inopinda mumaburi madiki diki; mvura painopwa, makristaro emunyu anokura mukati memaburi, zvichikonzera kushushikana kwemukati kunodarika 100 MPa. Kumanikidzwa uku kunopwanya dombo kubva mukati, zvichikonzera kupwanyika, kutsemuka, uye kurasikirwa nemativi akavezwa. Mwero wekukuvadzwa unowedzera nekupisa, hunyoro, uye kupwanyika kwemafungu zvakananga. Kushambidza nekudzivirira uye kuvhara zvakanaka matanho akakosha ekudzivirira.

Mubvunzo wechina: Nderupi rudzi rwechivharo chinopa dziviriro yakanakisisa yekuisa matombo egungwa?

Kuisa silane/siloxane sealers ine 40% yezvakawanda zvinoshanda zvinopa dziviriro yakanakisisa. Izvi zvinoisa ma sealers zvinopinda mudombo zvogadzira maburi anonyungudutsa mvura pasina kuvhara pamusoro. Kusiyana nependi dzinogadzira firimu, zvinobvumira hunyoro kubuda, zvichidzivirira kukuvara kwehunyoro. Kuisa mumwedzi gumi nemiviri kusvika makumi maviri nemana yega yega kunoita kuti zvive zvakanaka. Pendi dzepamusoro dzakadai se epoxy dzinofanira kudzivirirwa sezvo dzichibata hunyoro uye dzichidzima pasi pekusvibiswa neUV pamhenderekedzo yegungwa.

Mubvunzo wechishanu: Matanda ematombo ekirabhu yeyacht anofanira kutarisirwa nehunyanzvi kangani?

Kugadzirisa kwenyanzvi kunofanirwa kutevedzera hurongwa hwakarongwa: kusukurudza nzvimbo dzine munyu zuva nezuva, kuchenesa kwevhiki nevhiki kwepH isina kupindira, kuongororwa kwekota yekota kwesealer integrity, kuongororwa kwenyanzvi kwegore negore kusanganisira kuverenga hunyoro. Kuwanda kwekugadzirisa kunoenderana nemota: makore matatu kusvika mashanu ekupinda munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda, makore mashanu kusvika manomwe enzvimbo dzekudyira, makore gumi anopfuura emadziro akachengetedzwa. Kugadzirisa kudzivirira kunoderedza mari yenguva refu ne40 kusvika 60% zvichienzaniswa nekugadzirisa.

Mubvunzo wechitanhatu: Ko dzimwe nzira dzekugadzira matombo dziri nani pane dzekushandisa matombo echisikigo muzvinhu zvese zvemugungwa here?

Quartz ne porcelain zvakagadzirwa zvakanaka zvinokunda matombo echisikigo mune mamwe mashandisirwo: nzvimbo dzakakomberedza dziva, mabhawa emvura, nzvimbo dzekushandira chikafu, uye chero nzvimbo inosanganisirwa nemakemikari edziva. Pamadziro enzvimbo, madhesiki ekugamuchira vaenzi, uye zvinhu zvekushongedza zvemukati, matombo echisikigo anopa runako rwepamusoro uye hunhu hwekupisa. Nzira yakasanganiswa yekusarudza zvinhu zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo ekunze inopa mhedzisiro yakanaka kwazvo. Sarudzo dzinofanira kufunga nezvezvinodiwa zvekushanda uye zvinangwa zvekugadzira.

Mhedziso

Kusarudza matombo echisikigo enzvimbo dzegungwa dzemakirabhu echikepe kunoda nzira yakasiyana zvachose nekuisa matombo echinyakare. Kubva pakusarudzwa kwegranite, kukoshesa huwandu hwezviyo uye kuderera kwemvura kusvika kumasisitimu ekuisa machira anotsungirira munyu neUV, sarudzo yega yega inofanirwa kuenderana nemamiriro ekunze ane simba egungwa. Nekutevera zvinodiwa pakusarudzwa kwezvinhu, nzira dzakanakisisa dzekuisa, uye hurongwa hwekugadzirisa hunoshanda zvakatsanangurwa mugwaro iri, vagadziri vezvivakwa nevagadziri vanogona kuisa matombo emakirabhu echikepe anoshanda zvakanaka kwemakumi emakore uku vachichengetedza runako rweumbozha rwunotarisirwa nevatengi vavo.